#3-44E. The Digital Paradox: Generative AI Use and Depressive Symptoms (JAMA Netw Open, 2026)

As generative artificial intelligence rapidly permeates daily life, clinicians face a pressing question: what is the cost to our mental health? This large-scale survey of over 20,000 US adults investigates the association between the frequency of generative AI use and negative affective symptoms, specifically measuring depression via the PHQ-9. The study reveals a concerning correlation, finding that individuals using generative AI daily faced approximately 30% higher odds of reporting at least moderate depressive symptoms compared to non-users, with the strongest associations observed in adults aged 25 to 64. However, critical appraisal is essential; the cross-sectional design precludes causal inference, leaving it unclear whether AI use exacerbates depression or if individuals with depressive symptoms are simply drawn to these tools. For physicians navigating the modern landscape of patient lifestyle factors, these findings underscore the emerging importance of including digital habits and AI interaction patterns in routine mental health assessments and history taking.

Citation: Perlis RH, Gunning FM, Usla A, et al. Generative AI Use and Depressive Symptoms Among US Adults. JAMA Network Open. 2026. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.54820

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